{"id":735,"date":"2021-04-21T14:04:22","date_gmt":"2021-04-21T14:04:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.mobilist.com.tr\/?p=735"},"modified":"2024-03-22T09:52:44","modified_gmt":"2024-03-22T09:52:44","slug":"flutterda-state-yonetimi-yaklasimlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mobilist.com.tr\/tr\/2021\/04\/21\/flutterda-state-yonetimi-yaklasimlari\/","title":{"rendered":"Flutter\u2019da State Y\u00f6netimi Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

26\/05\/2021 9:53<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bartu Kaan Pideci, Mobilist<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flutter<\/strong> ile uygulama geli\u015ftirirken \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki en \u00f6nemli konulardan biri state y\u00f6netimi<\/strong>dir. Flutter\u2019\u0131n resmi \u0130nternet sayfas\u0131nda \u00f6nerdi\u011fi bir\u00e7ok state management yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 setState<\/strong>, Provider<\/strong>, Bloc<\/strong>, Mobx<\/strong>, Getx<\/strong>, GetIt <\/strong>gibi yakla\u015f\u0131mlard\u0131r. Bu seride sizlerle beraber farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131m \u015fekilleri olan bu yakla\u015f\u0131mlara bir g\u00f6z ataca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flutter\u2019\u0131n \u015fu me\u015fhur\u00a0counter\u00a0<\/strong>(saya\u00e7) uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 herkes bilir. K\u0131saca hat\u0131rlatmak gerekirse, bir flutter projesi olu\u015fturup derledi\u011fimiz anda ilk olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan Flutter\u2019\u0131n\u00a0low-level<\/strong>\u00a0bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u00a0setState\u00a0<\/strong>yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ile geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00f6rnek bir saya\u00e7 uygulamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

Bu saya\u00e7 uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 farkl\u0131 state management yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131<\/strong> ile geli\u015ftirip aralar\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz ve bu yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n bize sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 yararlardan bahsetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lk olarak, setState <\/strong>yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 en pop\u00fcler state management<\/strong> yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndan olan Provider <\/strong>paketi ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

setState vs Provider<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ncelikle setState <\/strong>yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bir inceleyelim.
setState <\/strong>metodu yaln\u0131zca Stateful Widget<\/strong>\u2019lar i\u00e7erisinde kullan\u0131lan bir kavramd\u0131r.class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
@override
_MyHomePageState createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
int _counter = 0;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

void _incrementCounter() {
setState(() {
_counter++;
});
}@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return <\/strong>Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
title: Text(widget.title),
),
body: Center(
child: Column(
mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
children: <Widget>[
Text(
‘You have pushed the button this many times:’,
),
Text(
‘$_counter’,
style: Theme.of<\/em>(context).textTheme.headline4,
),
],
),
),
floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
onPressed: _incrementCounter,
tooltip: ‘Increment’,
child: Icon(Icons.add<\/em>),
),
);
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnekte g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi _counter <\/strong>de\u011fi\u015fkeninin de\u011feri _incrementCounter()<\/strong> methodu i\u00e7erisinde art\u0131yor ve setSate <\/strong>methodu sayesinde de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Widget Tree<\/strong>\u2019mize bildiriyoruz.void _incrementCounter() {
setState(() {
_counter++;
});
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Floating Action Button<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n onPressed <\/strong>property\u2019sinde _incrementCounter <\/strong>methodu \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Yani butona her t\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda<\/strong> setState <\/strong>methodu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131yor. setState <\/strong>methodunun \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 bulundu\u011fu class\u2019\u0131n build methodunu<\/strong> tetikler ve i\u00e7erisinde bulunan widget a\u011fac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n uygulama ekran\u0131na yeniden olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 (rebuild) <\/strong>anlam\u0131na gelir ve bu durum i\u015flem g\u00fcc\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan maliyetli olabilece\u011fi gibi state y\u00f6netimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da pek istedi\u011fimiz bir yakla\u015f\u0131m \u015fekli de\u011fildir.<\/em>floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
onPressed: _incrementCounter,
tooltip: ‘Increment’,
child: Icon(Icons.add<\/em>),
),
);<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm widget a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n yeniden \u00e7izilmesi yerine sadece _counter<\/strong> de\u011fi\u015fkenini tutan Text Widget<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n\u0131 bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikten haberdar edip yaln\u0131zca <\/strong>bu widget\u2019\u0131n yeniden \u00e7izilmesini sa\u011flamak \u00e7ok daha uygun ve do\u011fru bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peki nas\u0131l?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Provider paketi bize bu nokta da yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek g\u00fczel bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ncelikle Provider paketini pubspec.yaml <\/strong>dosyam\u0131zdaki dependencies <\/strong>alan\u0131na ekliyoruz.dependencies:
flutter:
sdk: flutter
provider: ^4.3.3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ChangeNotifier<\/strong>
ChangeNotifier <\/strong>Flutter SDK\u2019da bulunan ve dinleyicilerine (listeners<\/strong>) de\u011fi\u015fiklik bildirimi (change notification<\/strong>) sa\u011flayan basit bir s\u0131n\u0131ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, e\u011fer bir \u015fey bir ChangeNotifier <\/strong>ise, onun de\u011fi\u015fikliklerine abone (subscribe<\/strong>) olabilirsiniz. Provider da ChangeNotifier <\/strong>uygulama state\u2019ini<\/strong> kaps\u00fcllemenin <\/strong>bir yoludur.
Counter uygulamas\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fimizde, bir ChangeNotifier<\/strong>\u2019daki counter <\/strong>de\u011fi\u015fkeninin state\u2019ini y\u00f6netmek<\/strong> istiyoruz. Bu \u015fekilde onu extend <\/strong>eden yeni bir s\u0131n\u0131f olu\u015fturuyoruz:class Counter extends ChangeNotifier{
int counter = 0;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

void increment(){
counter ++;
notifyListeners();
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evet Counter <\/strong>s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131m\u0131z haz\u0131r \u015fimdi bu s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 widget a\u011fac\u0131m\u0131za ChangeNotifierProvider<\/strong> ile enjekte <\/strong>edelim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Change Notifier Provider
ChangeNotifierProvider<\/strong>, soyundan gelenlere bir ChangeNotifier <\/strong>instance (\u00f6rne\u011fi) sa\u011flayan widget\u2019t\u0131r. Change Notifier Provider<\/strong>\u2019\u0131 ona eri\u015fmesi gereken widget\u2019lar\u0131n \u00fczerine koyuyoruz.class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp(
title: ‘Counter Provider’,
theme: ThemeData(
primarySwatch: Colors.blue<\/em>,
),
home: ChangeNotifierProvider<Counter>(
create: (_) => Counter(), child: MyHomePage()),
);
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnekte de g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi MyHomePage()<\/strong> widget\u0131n\u0131 ChangeNotifierProvider<\/strong> s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ile sarmalayarak Counter <\/strong>s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 a\u011fac\u0131m\u0131za enjekte <\/strong>etmi\u015f olduk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Art\u0131k, MyHomePage <\/strong>i\u00e7erisinde Counter <\/strong>s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fkenlerine <\/strong>ve metotlar\u0131na <\/strong>eri\u015fme imk\u00e2n\u0131m\u0131z var.class MyHomePage extends StatelessWidget {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
title: Text(‘Counter App with Provider’),
),
body: Center(
child: Consumer<Counter>(
builder: (context, counter, child) {
return Text(counter.counter.toString(),
style: Theme.of<\/em>(context).textTheme.headline4);
},
),
),
floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
onPressed: () {
var counter = context.read<Counter>();
counter.increment();
},
tooltip: ‘Increment’,
child: Icon(Icons.add<\/em>),
),
);
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burada Consumer <\/strong>ile sarmalad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z counter <\/strong>de\u011fi\u015fkenini tutan Text Widget\u2019<\/strong>\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Consumer <\/strong>kullan\u0131rken eri\u015fmek istedi\u011fimiz modelin t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<\/strong> belirtmeliyiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu durumda Counter <\/strong>istiyoruz; bu y\u00fczden Consumer <Counter><\/strong> yaz\u0131yoruz. E\u011fer Counter<\/strong>\u2019\u0131 belirtmezsek, Provider <\/strong>paketi bize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olamaz. Provider, t\u00fcrlere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r <\/strong>ve t\u00fcr olmadan ne istedi\u011fimizi bilemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Consumer Widget\u2019\u0131 <\/strong>m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca widget a\u011fac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n derinliklerini yerle\u015ftirmek en iyi y\u00f6ntemdir<\/strong> (best practice). Kullan\u0131c\u0131 aray\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden olu\u015fturmak yerine <\/em>sadece ilgili widget\u2019\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini <\/em><\/strong>sa\u011flar.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

setState <\/strong>ile geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00f6rnek counter uygulamas\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 <\/strong>olarak Stateless Widget <\/strong>kulland\u0131k ve Counter <\/strong>de\u011fi\u015fkenini i\u00e7eren Text Widget<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n\u0131 Consumer<Counter> <\/strong>ile sarmalad\u0131k <\/strong>ve de\u011fi\u015fiklikte yani butona her t\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda t\u00fcm widget a\u011fac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yeniden \u00e7izilmesi yerine ilgili Text Widget\u2019\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> yeniden olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131k.var providerCounter = context.read<Counter>();
providerCounter.increment();<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu sefer onPressed property\u2019<\/strong>si i\u00e7erinde bir providerCounter <\/strong>de\u011fi\u015fkeni tan\u0131mlad\u0131k ve yukar\u0131da olu\u015fturdu\u011fumuz Counter <\/strong>s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 read <\/strong>ederek i\u00e7erisinde bulunan incerement()<\/strong> metodumuza eri\u015fmi\u015f olduk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E\u011fer amac\u0131n\u0131z sadece basit bir counter<\/strong> uygulamas\u0131<\/strong> yapmak ise, Flutter\u2019\u0131n demo \u00f6rne\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi bir kullan\u0131m ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uygun olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak, i\u015f daha karma\u015f\u0131k<\/strong> ve b\u00fcy\u00fck projelere<\/strong> geldi\u011finde, bu tarz bir yakla\u015f\u0131m performans<\/strong> kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olaca\u011f\u0131 gibi, \u00e7e\u015fitli problemleri de beraberinde getirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve son olarak belirtmeliyiz ki, en iyi state management y\u00f6ntemi<\/strong> diye bir \u015fey yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proje ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na, projede \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak ki\u015filerin yetkinliklerine g\u00f6re se\u00e7ilebilecek optimum <\/strong>\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm vard\u0131r. Hi\u00e7biri di\u011ferinden daha iyidir diyemeyiz. Her biri projemizdeki ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lama noktas\u0131nda \u00f6nem kazan\u0131r. K\u0131saca en do\u011fru y\u00f6ntem, ekibe ve projeye en uygun olan y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Size bu yaz\u0131mda \u00e7e\u015fitli kullan\u0131m \u015fekilleri olan Provider paketinden ve setState<\/strong> y\u00f6ntemi ile aras\u0131ndaki farklardan <\/strong>k\u0131saca bahsetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu serinin devam\u0131nda yukar\u0131da bahsetti\u011fim di\u011fer state management y\u00f6ntemlerini<\/strong> de anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonraki yaz\u0131lar\u0131mda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek \u00fczere\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"26\/05\/2021 9:53 Bartu Kaan Pideci, Mobilist Flutter ile uygulama geli\u015ftirirken \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki en \u00f6nemli konulardan biri state y\u00f6netimidir. Flutter\u2019\u0131n resmi \u0130nternet sayfas\u0131nda \u00f6nerdi\u011fi bir\u00e7ok state management yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 setState, Provider, Bloc, Mobx, Getx, GetIt gibi yakla\u015f\u0131mlard\u0131r. Bu seride sizlerle beraber farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131m \u015fekilleri olan bu yakla\u015f\u0131mlara bir g\u00f6z ataca\u011f\u0131z. Flutter\u2019\u0131n \u015fu me\u015fhur\u00a0counter\u00a0(saya\u00e7) uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 herkes bilir. K\u0131saca hat\u0131rlatmak gerekirse, bir flutter projesi olu\u015fturup […]","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":736,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"saved_in_kubio":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[53,54,55,56],"tags":[61,58,62,60,59],"yoast_head":"\nFlutter\u2019da State Y\u00f6netimi Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 - Mobilist<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mobilist.com.tr\/tr\/2021\/04\/21\/flutterda-state-yonetimi-yaklasimlari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Flutter\u2019da State Y\u00f6netimi Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"26\/05\/2021 9:53 Bartu Kaan Pideci, Mobilist Flutter ile uygulama geli\u015ftirirken \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki en \u00f6nemli konulardan biri state y\u00f6netimidir. Flutter\u2019\u0131n resmi \u0130nternet sayfas\u0131nda \u00f6nerdi\u011fi bir\u00e7ok state management yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 setState, Provider, Bloc, Mobx, Getx, GetIt gibi yakla\u015f\u0131mlard\u0131r. Bu seride sizlerle beraber farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131m \u015fekilleri olan bu yakla\u015f\u0131mlara bir g\u00f6z ataca\u011f\u0131z. Flutter\u2019\u0131n \u015fu me\u015fhur\u00a0counter\u00a0(saya\u00e7) uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 herkes bilir. 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